How did the United States change between Jan 20, 2017 and Jan 20, 2025?
Pick two dates. See the laws, the executive orders, the courts, Congress, federal agencies, the Constitution and the budget, as a diff.
$ civicdiff 2017-01-20..2025-01-20 # 8 years
jsonLaws enacted
+1,420128 notable
Executive orders
+407signed
Final rules
+25,6562,406 significant
Supreme Court
4 of 9seats changed hands
Agencies
+10 −11departments & tracked agencies
Public debt
+$16.3T$19.9T → $36.2T
The presidency passed from Donald J. Trump to Donald J. Trump across 2 transitions. Congress enacted 1,420 public laws. 36 senators and 250 representatives took seats that they did not hold before. 4 new justices joined the Supreme Court. Inflation-adjusted federal spending changed +37% (FY2017 → FY2025).
Executive
executive/presidentThe presidencyDonald J. Trump R
45th president
1 president in between
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. D
took office Jan 20, 2021
Donald J. Trump R
47th president · took office Jan 20, 2025
executive/vice-presidentThe vice presidencyJ.D. Vance R
took office Jan 20, 2025
executive/cabinetCabinet & senior officials+13−27Wikidata ↗
Secretary of State · 4 people took this office in between
Thomas A. Shannon, Jr. D (acting)
Secretary of the Treasury · 2 people took this office in between
Adam Szubin D (acting)
vacant or abolished
Secretary of Defense · 3 people took this office in between
Attorney General · 3 people took this office in between
Sally Yates D (acting)
vacant or abolished
Postmaster General
Secretary of the Navy · 6 people took this office in between
Sean Stackley (acting)
vacant or abolished
Show 15 more cabinet offices
Secretary of the Interior · 2 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
Secretary of Agriculture · 2 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
Secretary of Labor · 4 people took this office in between
Edward C. Hugler (acting)
Secretary of Health and Human Services · 4 people took this office in between
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development · 2 people took this office in between
Craig Clemmensen (acting)
vacant or abolished
Secretary of Energy · 4 people took this office in between
Secretary of Education · 2 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
Secretary of Veterans Affairs · 3 people took this office in between
Robert Snyder (acting)
vacant or abolished
Secretary of Homeland Security · 2 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
White House Chief of Staff · 5 people took this office in between
Director of the Office of Management and Budget · 3 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency · 3 people took this office in between
Catherine McCabe D (acting)
vacant or abolished
Ambassador to the United Nations · 5 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
Director of National Intelligence · 4 people took this office in between
vacant or abolished
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency · 4 people took this office in between
Meroë Park (acting)
vacant or abolished
Other senior officials (7 changed)
Postmaster General
Secretary of the Navy · 6 people took this office in between
Sean Stackley (acting)
vacant or abolished
Chair of the Federal Reserve
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff · 2 people took this office in between
Director of the FBI
Brian Driscoll (acting)
National Security Advisor · 6 people took this office in between
Solicitor General · 2 people took this office in between
executive/ordersExecutive orders407 executive orders signed · Donald Trump 245 · Joseph R. Biden Jr. 162
739 → 973 orders (issued since 1994) in force · 173 revoked in this window
EO 13780 Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States
Mar 6, 2017 · Donald Trump
EO 13819 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 22, 2017 · Donald Trump
EO 13825 2018 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
Mar 1, 2018 · Donald Trump
EO 13846 Reimposing Certain Sanctions With Respect to Iran
Aug 6, 2018 · Donald Trump
EO 13856 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 28, 2018 · Donald Trump
EO 13866 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Mar 28, 2019 · Donald Trump
EO 13901 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 26, 2019 · Donald Trump
EO 13913 Establishing the Committee for the Assessment of Foreign Participation in the United States Telecommunications Services Sector
Apr 4, 2020 · Donald Trump
Show 6 more
EO 13951 An America-First Healthcare Plan
Sep 24, 2020 · Donald Trump
EO 13970 Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
Dec 31, 2020 · Donald Trump
EO 14008 Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad
Jan 27, 2021 · Joseph R. Biden Jr.
EO 14028 Improving the Nation's Cybersecurity
May 12, 2021 · Joseph R. Biden Jr.
EO 14035 Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility in the Federal Workforce
Jun 25, 2021 · Joseph R. Biden Jr.
EO 14036 Promoting Competition in the American Economy
Jul 9, 2021 · Joseph R. Biden Jr.
executive/agenciesFederal agencies+10−11Wikidata ↗
427 → 426 tracked organizations · 16 → 16 executive departments
National Commission on Military, National, and Public Service
established Sep 19, 2017
United States International Development Finance Corporation
established Dec 20, 2019 · an executive agency of the US federal government responsible for providing foreign aid
Office of the National Cyber Director
established Jan 1, 2021 · US government agency on cybersecurity
National Vetting Center
established Jan 1, 2018 · United States government agency
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency
established Nov 16, 2018 · agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security
Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Office
established Dec 21, 2018
White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Native Americans and Strengthening Tribal Colleges and Universities
established Oct 11, 2021 · government agency housed in the United States Department of Education
Disinformation Governance Board
established Jan 1, 2022 · board of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health
established Mar 15, 2022 · United States federal agency established in 2022
Office of Long COVID Research and Practice
established Jan 1, 2023
Show 11 more
Overseas Private Investment Corporation
abolished Dec 20, 2019 · government agency of the United States of America · replaced by United States International Development Finance Corporation
Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission
abolished Sep 17, 2020
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center
abolished Sep 30, 2017 · organization
National Background Investigations Bureau
abolished Jan 1, 2019 · succesor Agency to the Federal Investigative Services Division · replaced by Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency
Development Credit Authority
abolished Dec 20, 2019 · replaced by United States International Development Finance Corporation
Disinformation Governance Board
abolished Aug 24, 2022 · board of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Global Engagement Center
abolished Dec 24, 2024 · U.S. federal government agency
White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Hispanics
abolished Jan 20, 2025 · initiative housed in the United States Department of Education
White House Initiative on Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders
abolished Jan 20, 2025 · United States governmental office
White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Black Americans
abolished Jan 20, 2025 · White House initiative housed in the United States Department of Education
White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Native Americans and Strengthening Tribal Colleges and Universities
abolished Jan 20, 2025 · government agency housed in the United States Department of Education
Agency start and end dates come from Wikidata, which covers smaller bureaus unevenly.
executive/regulationsFederal regulations+25,656Federal Register API ↗
25,656 final rules published in the Federal Register
from Jan 20, 2017
2,406 of them flagged "significant" under EO 12866
major economic or policy impact
16,224 proposed rules · 181,344 notices
Loading which agencies published the most rules…
Final rules carry the force of law. Rescissions count as rules too, so this measures regulatory activity, not net growth.
Legislative
legislative/controlControl of Congress115
116
117
118
119
Top: House · Bottom: Senate DemocraticRepublican
115th Congress → 119th Congress · 4 new Congresses elected
4 changes of chamber control along the way
House: Republican majority on both dates
241 R · 194 D → 219 R · 215 D
Senate: Republican majority on both dates
52 R · 48 D → 52 R · 47 D
legislative/senateSenate+36−37congress-legislators ↗
36 new members · 37 departed · 63 served on both dates · women 21 → 25 · median age 63 → 65
15 seats changed party
Cory Gardner R
Colorado
John W. Hickenlooper D
Colorado
David Perdue R
Georgia
Jon Ossoff D
Georgia
John McCain R
Arizona
Mark Kelly D
Arizona
Johnny Isakson R
Georgia
Raphael G. Warnock D
Georgia
Show 11 more seat flips
Patrick J. Toomey R
Pennsylvania
John Fetterman D
Pennsylvania
Heidi Heitkamp D
North Dakota
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota
Jeff Flake R
Arizona
Ruben Gallego D
Arizona
Joe Donnelly D
Indiana
Jim Banks R
Indiana
Dean Heller R
Nevada
Jacky Rosen D
Nevada
Bill Nelson D
Florida
Rick Scott R
Florida
Claire McCaskill D
Missouri
Josh Hawley R
Missouri
Jon Tester D
Montana
Tim Sheehy R
Montana
Sherrod Brown D
Ohio
Bernie Moreno R
Ohio
Robert P. Casey, Jr. D
Pennsylvania
David McCormick R
Pennsylvania
Joe Manchin, III D
West Virginia
James C. Justice R
West Virginia
Who joined and who left (36 in · 37 out)
Tommy Tuberville R
Alabama
Katie Boyd Britt R
Alabama
Mark Kelly D
Arizona
Ruben Gallego D
Arizona
Alex Padilla D
California
Adam B. Schiff D
California
John W. Hickenlooper D
Colorado
Lisa Blunt Rochester D
Delaware
Rick Scott R
Florida
Jon Ossoff D
Georgia
Raphael G. Warnock D
Georgia
Jim Banks R
Indiana
Roger Marshall R
Kansas
Angela D. Alsobrooks D
Maryland
Elissa Slotkin D
Michigan
Tina Smith D
Minnesota
Eric Schmitt R
Missouri
Josh Hawley R
Missouri
Cindy Hyde-Smith R
Mississippi
Tim Sheehy R
Montana
Ted Budd R
North Carolina
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota
Pete Ricketts R
Nebraska
Andy Kim D
New Jersey
Ben Ray Luján D
New Mexico
Jacky Rosen D
Nevada
Bernie Moreno R
Ohio
Markwayne Mullin R
Oklahoma
John Fetterman D
Pennsylvania
David McCormick R
Pennsylvania
Bill Hagerty R
Tennessee
Marsha Blackburn R
Tennessee
John R. Curtis R
Utah
Peter Welch D
Vermont
James C. Justice R
West Virginia
Cynthia M. Lummis R
Wyoming
Jeff Sessions R
Alabama
Richard C. Shelby R
Alabama
Jeff Flake R
Arizona
John McCain R
Arizona
Dianne Feinstein D
California
Kamala D. Harris D
California
Cory Gardner R
Colorado
Thomas R. Carper D
Delaware
Bill Nelson D
Florida
David Perdue R
Georgia
Johnny Isakson R
Georgia
Joe Donnelly D
Indiana
Pat Roberts R
Kansas
Benjamin L. Cardin D
Maryland
Debbie Stabenow D
Michigan
Al Franken D
Minnesota
Claire McCaskill D
Missouri
Roy Blunt R
Missouri
Thad Cochran R
Mississippi
Jon Tester D
Montana
Richard Burr R
North Carolina
Heidi Heitkamp D
North Dakota
Ben Sasse R
Nebraska
Robert Menendez D
New Jersey
Tom Udall D
New Mexico
Dean Heller R
Nevada
Sherrod Brown D
Ohio
Rob Portman R
Ohio
James M. Inhofe R
Oklahoma
Robert P. Casey, Jr. D
Pennsylvania
Patrick J. Toomey R
Pennsylvania
Bob Corker R
Tennessee
Lamar Alexander R
Tennessee
Orrin G. Hatch R
Utah
Patrick J. Leahy D
Vermont
Joe Manchin, III D
West Virginia
Michael B. Enzi R
Wyoming
legislative/houseHouse+250−251congress-legislators ↗
250 new members · 251 departed · 184 served on both dates · women 83 → 125 · median age 58 → 58
27 state delegations changed
Show delegation changes
Alabama 1 D · 6 R
Alabama 2 D · 5 R
Arizona 4 D · 5 R
Arizona 3 D · 6 R
California 39 D · 14 R
California 43 D · 9 R
Colorado 3 D · 4 R
Colorado 4 D · 4 R
Florida 11 D · 16 R
Florida 8 D · 19 R
Georgia 4 D · 10 R
Georgia 5 D · 9 R
Iowa 1 D · 3 R
Iowa 0 D · 4 R
Illinois 11 D · 7 R
Illinois 14 D · 3 R
Kansas 0 D · 4 R
Kansas 1 D · 3 R
Louisiana 1 D · 5 R
Louisiana 2 D · 4 R
Maine 1 D · 1 R
Maine 2 D · 0 R
Michigan 5 D · 9 R
Michigan 6 D · 7 R
Minnesota 5 D · 3 R
Minnesota 4 D · 4 R
Montana 0 D · 1 R
Montana 0 D · 2 R
North Carolina 3 D · 10 R
North Carolina 4 D · 10 R
New Jersey 7 D · 5 R
New Jersey 9 D · 3 R
New Mexico 2 D · 1 R
New Mexico 3 D · 0 R
New York 18 D · 9 R
New York 19 D · 7 R
Ohio 4 D · 12 R
Ohio 5 D · 10 R
Oregon 4 D · 1 R
Oregon 5 D · 1 R
Pennsylvania 5 D · 13 R
Pennsylvania 7 D · 10 R
Tennessee 2 D · 7 R
Tennessee 1 D · 8 R
Texas 11 D · 25 R
Texas 13 D · 25 R
Virginia 4 D · 7 R
Virginia 6 D · 5 R
Washington 6 D · 4 R
Washington 8 D · 2 R
Wisconsin 3 D · 5 R
Wisconsin 2 D · 6 R
West Virginia 0 D · 3 R
West Virginia 0 D · 2 R
Who joined and who left (250 in · 251 out)
Nicholas J. Begich III R
Alaska-AL
Barry Moore R
Alabama-1
Dale W. Strong R
Alabama-5
Shomari Figures D
Alabama-2
Greg Stanton D
Arizona-4
Elijah Crane R
Arizona-2
Juan Ciscomani R
Arizona-6
Yassamin Ansari D
Arizona-3
Abraham J. Hamadeh R
Arizona-8
Kevin Kiley R
California-3
Jimmy Gomez D
California-34
Josh Harder D
California-9
Mike Levin D
California-49
Jay Obernolte R
California-23
Young Kim R
California-40
Sara Jacobs D
California-51
Kevin Mullin D
California-15
Sydney Kamlager-Dove D
California-37
Robert Garcia D
California-42
Vince Fong R
California-20
Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. D
California-31
Lateefah Simon D
California-12
Adam Gray D
California-13
Sam T. Liccardo D
California-16
George Whitesides D
California-27
Luz M. Rivas D
California-29
Laura Friedman D
California-30
Derek Tran D
California-45
Dave Min D
California-47
Joe Neguse D
Colorado-2
Jason Crow D
Colorado-6
Lauren Boebert R
Colorado-4
Brittany Pettersen D
Colorado-7
Jeff Hurd R
Colorado-3
Jeff Crank R
Colorado-5
Gabe Evans R
Colorado-8
Jahana Hayes D
Connecticut-5
Sarah McBride D
Delaware-AL
Michael Waltz R
Florida-6
Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick D
Florida-20
W. Gregory Steube R
Florida-17
Kat Cammack R
Florida-3
Scott Franklin R
Florida-18
Byron Donalds R
Florida-19
Carlos A. Gimenez R
Florida-28
Maria Elvira Salazar R
Florida-27
Aaron Bean R
Florida-4
Cory Mills R
Florida-7
Maxwell Frost D
Florida-10
Anna Paulina Luna R
Florida-13
Laurel M. Lee R
Florida-15
Jared Moskowitz D
Florida-23
Mike Haridopolos R
Florida-8
Marjorie Taylor Greene R
Georgia-14
Lucy McBath D
Georgia-6
Nikema Williams D
Georgia-5
Andrew S. Clyde R
Georgia-9
Richard McCormick R
Georgia-7
Mike Collins R
Georgia-10
Brian Jack R
Georgia-3
Ed Case D
Hawaii-1
Jill N. Tokuda D
Hawaii-2
Ashley Hinson R
Iowa-2
Mariannette Miller-Meeks R
Iowa-1
Randy Feenstra R
Iowa-4
Zachary Nunn R
Iowa-3
Russ Fulcher R
Idaho-1
Jesús G. "Chuy" García D
Illinois-4
Sean Casten D
Illinois-6
Lauren Underwood D
Illinois-14
Mary E. Miller R
Illinois-15
Jonathan L. Jackson D
Illinois-1
Delia C. Ramirez D
Illinois-3
Nikki Budzinski D
Illinois-13
Eric Sorensen D
Illinois-17
James R. Baird R
Indiana-4
Frank J. Mrvan D
Indiana-1
Victoria Spartz R
Indiana-5
Rudy Yakym III R
Indiana-2
Erin Houchin R
Indiana-9
Marlin A. Stutzman R
Indiana-3
Jefferson Shreve R
Indiana-6
Mark B. Messmer R
Indiana-8
Ron Estes R
Kansas-4
Sharice Davids D
Kansas-3
Tracey Mann R
Kansas-1
Derek Schmidt R
Kansas-2
Morgan McGarvey D
Kentucky-3
Julia Letlow R
Louisiana-5
Troy A. Carter D
Louisiana-2
Cleo Fields D
Louisiana-6
Lori Trahan D
Massachusetts-3
Ayanna Pressley D
Massachusetts-7
Jake Auchincloss D
Massachusetts-4
Kweisi Mfume D
Maryland-7
Glenn Ivey D
Maryland-4
Johnny Olszewski, Jr. D
Maryland-2
Sarah Elfreth D
Maryland-3
April McClain Delaney D
Maryland-6
Jared F. Golden D
Maine-2
Haley M. Stevens D
Michigan-11
Rashida Tlaib D
Michigan-12
Lisa C. McClain R
Michigan-9
Hillary J. Scholten D
Michigan-3
John James R
Michigan-10
Shri Thanedar D
Michigan-13
Tom Barrett R
Michigan-7
Kristen McDonald Rivet D
Michigan-8
Angie Craig D
Minnesota-2
Ilhan Omar D
Minnesota-5
Pete Stauber R
Minnesota-8
Michelle Fischbach R
Minnesota-7
Brad Finstad R
Minnesota-1
Kelly Morrison D
Minnesota-3
Mark Alford R
Missouri-4
Eric Burlison R
Missouri-7
Wesley Bell D
Missouri-1
Robert F. Onder, Jr. R
Missouri-3
Michael Guest R
Mississippi-3
Mike Ezell R
Mississippi-4
Troy Downing R
Montana-2
Gregory F. Murphy R
North Carolina-3
Deborah K. Ross D
North Carolina-2
Donald G. Davis D
North Carolina-1
Valerie P. Foushee D
North Carolina-4
Chuck Edwards R
North Carolina-11
Addison P. McDowell R
North Carolina-6
Mark Harris R
North Carolina-8
Pat Harrigan R
North Carolina-10
Brad Knott R
North Carolina-13
Tim Moore R
North Carolina-14
Julie Fedorchak R
North Dakota-AL
Mike Flood R
Nebraska-1
Chris Pappas D
New Hampshire-1
Maggie Goodlander D
New Hampshire-2
Mikie Sherrill D
New Jersey-11
Jefferson Van Drew R
New Jersey-2
Thomas H. Kean, Jr. R
New Jersey-7
Robert Menendez D
New Jersey-8
LaMonica McIver D
New Jersey-10
Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. D
New Jersey-3
Nellie Pou D
New Jersey-9
Teresa Leger Fernandez D
New Mexico-3
Melanie A. Stansbury D
New Mexico-1
Gabe Vasquez D
New Mexico-2
Steven Horsford D
Nevada-4
Susie Lee D
Nevada-3
Joseph D. Morelle D
New York-25
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez D
New York-14
Andrew R. Garbarino R
New York-2
Nicole Malliotakis R
New York-11
Ritchie Torres D
New York-15
Patrick Ryan D
New York-18
Nick LaLota R
New York-1
Daniel S. Goldman D
New York-10
Michael Lawler R
New York-17
Nicholas A. Langworthy R
New York-23
Timothy M. Kennedy D
New York-26
Laura Gillen D
New York-4
George Latimer D
New York-16
Josh Riley D
New York-19
John W. Mannion D
New York-22
Troy Balderson R
Ohio-12
Shontel M. Brown D
Ohio-11
Mike Carey R
Ohio-15
Greg Landsman D
Ohio-1
Max L. Miller R
Ohio-7
Emilia Strong Sykes D
Ohio-13
Michael A. Rulli R
Ohio-6
David J. Taylor R
Ohio-2
Kevin Hern R
Oklahoma-1
Stephanie I. Bice R
Oklahoma-5
Josh Brecheen R
Oklahoma-2
Cliff Bentz R
Oregon-2
Val T. Hoyle D
Oregon-4
Andrea Salinas D
Oregon-6
Maxine Dexter D
Oregon-3
Janelle S. Bynum D
Oregon-5
Mary Gay Scanlon D
Pennsylvania-5
Madeleine Dean D
Pennsylvania-4
Chrissy Houlahan D
Pennsylvania-6
Daniel Meuser R
Pennsylvania-9
John Joyce R
Pennsylvania-13
Guy Reschenthaler R
Pennsylvania-14
Summer L. Lee D
Pennsylvania-12
Christopher R. Deluzio D
Pennsylvania-17
Ryan Mackenzie R
Pennsylvania-7
Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. R
Pennsylvania-8
Seth Magaziner D
Rhode Island-2
Gabe Amo D
Rhode Island-1
Ralph Norman R
South Carolina-5
William R. Timmons IV R
South Carolina-4
Nancy Mace R
South Carolina-1
Russell Fry R
South Carolina-7
Sheri Biggs R
South Carolina-3
Dusty Johnson R
South Dakota-AL
Mark E. Green R
Tennessee-7
Tim Burchett R
Tennessee-2
John W. Rose R
Tennessee-6
Diana Harshbarger R
Tennessee-1
Andrew Ogles R
Tennessee-5
Sylvester Turner D
Texas-18
Tony Gonzales R
Texas-23
Michael Cloud R
Texas-27
Dan Crenshaw R
Texas-2
Lance Gooden R
Texas-5
Lizzie Fletcher D
Texas-7
Veronica Escobar D
Texas-16
Chip Roy R
Texas-21
Sylvia R. Garcia D
Texas-29
Pat Fallon R
Texas-4
August Pfluger R
Texas-11
Ronny Jackson R
Texas-13
Troy E. Nehls R
Texas-22
Beth Van Duyne R
Texas-24
Jake Ellzey R
Texas-6
Nathaniel Moran R
Texas-1
Keith Self R
Texas-3
Morgan Luttrell R
Texas-8
Monica De La Cruz R
Texas-15
Jasmine Crockett D
Texas-30
Greg Casar D
Texas-35
Wesley Hunt R
Texas-38
Craig A. Goldman R
Texas-12
Brandon Gill R
Texas-26
Julie Johnson D
Texas-32
Blake D. Moore R
Utah-1
Burgess Owens R
Utah-4
Celeste Maloy R
Utah-2
Mike Kennedy R
Utah-3
Ben Cline R
Virginia-6
Jennifer A. Kiggans R
Virginia-2
Jennifer L. McClellan D
Virginia-4
John J. McGuire III R
Virginia-5
Eugene Simon Vindman D
Virginia-7
Suhas Subramanyam D
Virginia-10
Becca Balint D
Vermont-AL
Kim Schrier D
Washington-8
Marilyn Strickland D
Washington-10
Marie Gluesenkamp Perez D
Washington-3
Michael Baumgartner R
Washington-5
Emily Randall D
Washington-6
Bryan Steil R
Wisconsin-1
Thomas P. Tiffany R
Wisconsin-7
Scott Fitzgerald R
Wisconsin-5
Derrick Van Orden R
Wisconsin-3
Tony Wied R
Wisconsin-8
Carol D. Miller R
West Virginia-1
Riley M. Moore R
West Virginia-2
Harriet M. Hageman R
Wyoming-AL
Don Young R
Alaska-AL
Martha Roby R
Alabama-2
Bradley Byrne R
Alabama-1
Mo Brooks R
Alabama-5
Trent Franks R
Arizona-8
Martha McSally R
Arizona-2
Tom O’Halleran D
Arizona-1
Kyrsten Sinema D
Arizona-9
Ruben Gallego D
Arizona-7
Xavier Becerra D
California-34
Jeff Denham R
California-10
Dana Rohrabacher R
California-48
Edward R. Royce R
California-39
Stephen Knight R
California-25
Mimi Walters R
California-45
Duncan Hunter R
California-50
Paul Cook R
California-8
Susan A. Davis D
California-53
Devin Nunes R
California-22
Karen Bass D
California-37
Jerry McNerney D
California-9
Lucille Roybal-Allard D
California-40
Jackie Speier D
California-14
Alan S. Lowenthal D
California-47
Kevin McCarthy R
California-23
Anna G. Eshoo D
California-18
Barbara Lee D
California-13
Grace F. Napolitano D
California-32
Tony Cárdenas D
California-29
Adam B. Schiff D
California-28
Mike Coffman R
Colorado-6
Jared Polis D
Colorado-2
Scott R. Tipton R
Colorado-3
Ed Perlmutter D
Colorado-7
Ken Buck R
Colorado-4
Doug Lamborn R
Colorado-5
Elizabeth H. Esty D
Connecticut-5
Lisa Blunt Rochester D
Delaware-AL
Ron DeSantis R
Florida-6
Thomas J. Rooney R
Florida-17
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen R
Florida-27
Dennis A. Ross R
Florida-15
Carlos Curbelo R
Florida-26
Ted S. Yoho R
Florida-3
Francis Rooney R
Florida-19
Alcee L. Hastings D
Florida-20
Charlie Crist D
Florida-13
Theodore E. Deutch D
Florida-22
Al Lawson, Jr. D
Florida-5
Stephanie N. Murphy D
Florida-7
Val Butler Demings D
Florida-10
Matt Gaetz R
Florida-1
Bill Posey R
Florida-8
Tom Price R
Georgia-6
John Lewis D
Georgia-5
Tom Graves R
Georgia-14
Rob Woodall R
Georgia-7
Doug Collins R
Georgia-9
Jody B. Hice R
Georgia-10
A. Drew Ferguson IV R
Georgia-3
Colleen Hanabusa D
Hawaii-1
Tulsi Gabbard D
Hawaii-2
Rod Blum R
Iowa-1
David Young R
Iowa-3
Steve King R
Iowa-4
David Loebsack D
Iowa-2
Raúl R. Labrador R
Idaho-1
Luis V. Gutiérrez D
Illinois-4
Randy Hultgren R
Illinois-14
Peter J. Roskam R
Illinois-6
Daniel Lipinski D
Illinois-3
John Shimkus R
Illinois-15
Adam Kinzinger R
Illinois-16
Bobby L. Rush D
Illinois-1
Rodney Davis R
Illinois-13
Cheri Bustos D
Illinois-17
Todd Rokita R
Indiana-4
Luke Messer R
Indiana-6
Peter J. Visclosky D
Indiana-1
Susan W. Brooks R
Indiana-5
Jackie Walorski R
Indiana-2
Trey Hollingsworth R
Indiana-9
Larry Bucshon R
Indiana-8
Jim Banks R
Indiana-3
Mike Pompeo R
Kansas-4
Lynn Jenkins R
Kansas-2
Kevin Yoder R
Kansas-3
Roger Marshall R
Kansas-1
John A. Yarmuth D
Kentucky-3
Ralph Lee Abraham R
Louisiana-5
Cedric L. Richmond D
Louisiana-2
Garret Graves R
Louisiana-6
Michael E. Capuano D
Massachusetts-7
Niki Tsongas D
Massachusetts-3
Joseph P. Kennedy III D
Massachusetts-4
John K. Delaney D
Maryland-6
Elijah E. Cummings D
Maryland-7
Anthony G. Brown D
Maryland-4
C. A. Dutch Ruppersberger D
Maryland-2
John P. Sarbanes D
Maryland-3
Bruce Poliquin R
Maine-2
John Conyers, Jr. D
Michigan-13
Sander M. Levin D
Michigan-9
Mike Bishop R
Michigan-8
David A. Trott R
Michigan-11
Justin Amash R
Michigan-3
Paul Mitchell R
Michigan-10
Fred Upton R
Michigan-6
Brenda L. Lawrence D
Michigan-14
Daniel T. Kildee D
Michigan-5
Keith Ellison D
Minnesota-5
Erik Paulsen R
Minnesota-3
Timothy J. Walz D
Minnesota-1
Richard M. Nolan D
Minnesota-8
Jason Lewis R
Minnesota-2
Collin C. Peterson D
Minnesota-7
Wm. Lacy Clay D
Missouri-1
Vicky Hartzler R
Missouri-4
Billy Long R
Missouri-7
Blaine Luetkemeyer R
Missouri-3
Gregg Harper R
Mississippi-3
Steven M. Palazzo R
Mississippi-4
Robert Pittenger R
North Carolina-9
Walter B. Jones R
North Carolina-3
Mark Meadows R
North Carolina-11
George Holding R
North Carolina-2
Mark Walker R
North Carolina-6
G. K. Butterfield D
North Carolina-1
David E. Price D
North Carolina-4
Patrick T. McHenry R
North Carolina-10
Ted Budd R
North Carolina-13
Kevin Cramer R
North Dakota-AL
Jeff Fortenberry R
Nebraska-1
Carol Shea-Porter D
New Hampshire-1
Ann M. Kuster D
New Hampshire-2
Rodney P. Frelinghuysen R
New Jersey-11
Leonard Lance R
New Jersey-7
Frank A. LoBiondo R
New Jersey-2
Thomas MacArthur R
New Jersey-3
Albio Sires D
New Jersey-8
Donald M. Payne, Jr. D
New Jersey-10
Bill Pascrell, Jr. D
New Jersey-9
Michelle Lujan Grisham D
New Mexico-1
Stevan Pearce R
New Mexico-2
Ben Ray Luján D
New Mexico-3
Ruben J. Kihuen D
Nevada-4
Jacky Rosen D
Nevada-3
Louise McIntosh Slaughter D
New York-25
Joseph Crowley D
New York-14
Daniel M. Donovan, Jr. R
New York-11
John J. Faso R
New York-19
Chris Collins R
New York-27
Eliot L. Engel D
New York-16
Peter T. King R
New York-2
Nita M. Lowey D
New York-17
José E. Serrano D
New York-15
Tom Reed R
New York-23
Carolyn B. Maloney D
New York-12
Sean Patrick Maloney D
New York-18
Lee M. Zeldin R
New York-1
Kathleen M. Rice D
New York-4
John Katko R
New York-24
Brian Higgins D
New York-26
Patrick J. Tiberi R
Ohio-12
James B. Renacci R
Ohio-16
Marcia L. Fudge D
Ohio-11
Steve Stivers R
Ohio-15
Steve Chabot R
Ohio-1
Bob Gibbs R
Ohio-7
Tim Ryan D
Ohio-13
Bill Johnson R
Ohio-6
Brad R. Wenstrup R
Ohio-2
Jim Bridenstine R
Oklahoma-1
Steve Russell R
Oklahoma-5
Markwayne Mullin R
Oklahoma-2
Greg Walden R
Oregon-2
Peter A. DeFazio D
Oregon-4
Earl Blumenauer D
Oregon-3
Kurt Schrader D
Oregon-5
Tim Murphy R
Pennsylvania-18
Patrick Meehan R
Pennsylvania-7
Charles W. Dent R
Pennsylvania-15
Lou Barletta R
Pennsylvania-11
Robert A. Brady D
Pennsylvania-1
Bill Shuster R
Pennsylvania-9
Keith J. Rothfus R
Pennsylvania-12
Ryan A. Costello R
Pennsylvania-6
Tom Marino R
Pennsylvania-10
Michael F. Doyle D
Pennsylvania-14
Matt Cartwright D
Pennsylvania-17
James R. Langevin D
Rhode Island-2
David N. Cicilline D
Rhode Island-1
Mick Mulvaney R
South Carolina-5
Trey Gowdy R
South Carolina-4
Mark Sanford R
South Carolina-1
Tom Rice R
South Carolina-7
Jeff Duncan R
South Carolina-3
Kristi L. Noem R
South Dakota-AL
Diane Black R
Tennessee-6
John J. Duncan, Jr. R
Tennessee-2
David P. Roe R
Tennessee-1
Jim Cooper D
Tennessee-5
Marsha Blackburn R
Tennessee-7
Blake Farenthold R
Texas-27
Joe Barton R
Texas-6
John Abney Culberson R
Texas-7
Gene Green D
Texas-29
Jeb Hensarling R
Texas-5
Sam Johnson R
Texas-3
Ted Poe R
Texas-2
Lamar Smith R
Texas-21
Beto O’Rourke D
Texas-16
John Ratcliffe R
Texas-4
K. Michael Conaway R
Texas-11
Bill Flores R
Texas-17
Kenny Marchant R
Texas-24
Pete Olson R
Texas-22
Mac Thornberry R
Texas-13
Will Hurd R
Texas-23
Filemon Vela D
Texas-34
Kevin Brady R
Texas-8
Louie Gohmert R
Texas-1
Eddie Bernice Johnson D
Texas-30
Sheila Jackson Lee D
Texas-18
Michael C. Burgess R
Texas-26
Kay Granger R
Texas-12
Jason Chaffetz R
Utah-3
Mia B. Love R
Utah-4
Rob Bishop R
Utah-1
Chris Stewart R
Utah-2
Bob Goodlatte R
Virginia-6
Dave Brat R
Virginia-7
Barbara Comstock R
Virginia-10
Scott Taylor R
Virginia-2
Thomas A. Garrett, Jr. R
Virginia-5
A. Donald McEachin D
Virginia-4
Peter Welch D
Vermont-AL
David G. Reichert R
Washington-8
Denny Heck D
Washington-10
Jaime Herrera Beutler R
Washington-3
Cathy McMorris Rodgers R
Washington-5
Derek Kilmer D
Washington-6
Paul D. Ryan R
Wisconsin-1
Sean P. Duffy R
Wisconsin-7
F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr. R
Wisconsin-5
Ron Kind D
Wisconsin-3
Mike Gallagher R
Wisconsin-8
Evan H. Jenkins R
West Virginia-3
David B. McKinley R
West Virginia-1
Alexander X. Mooney R
West Virginia-2
Liz Cheney R
Wyoming-AL
legislative/lawsLaws enacted+1,420Congress.gov ↗
1,420 public laws enacted · 6 landmark · 122 notable · 900 routine · 392 ceremonial
CHIPS and Science Act or Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America Act landmark
Pub. L. 117-167 · Aug 9, 2022
GAO Access and Oversight Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-3 · Jan 31, 2017
Promoting Women in Entrepreneurship Act
Pub. L. 115-6 · Feb 28, 2017
INSPIRE Women Act
Pub. L. 115-7 · Feb 28, 2017
Vietnam War Veterans Recognition Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-15 · Mar 28, 2017
Show 30 more notable laws
Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-25 · Apr 18, 2017
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017
Pub. L. 115-31 · May 5, 2017
Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act
Pub. L. 115-44 · Aug 2, 2017
FDA Reauthorization Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-52 · Aug 18, 2017
Dr. Chris Kirkpatrick Whistleblower Protection Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-73 · Oct 26, 2017
Strengthening State and Local Cyber Crime Fighting Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-76 · Nov 2, 2017
Protecting Patient Access to Emergency Medications Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-83 · Nov 17, 2017
VA Prescription Data Accountability Act 2017
Pub. L. 115-86 · Nov 21, 2017
Continuing Appropriations Amendments Act, 2018
Pub. L. 115-124 · Feb 9, 2018
Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-126 · Feb 14, 2018
Taiwan Travel Act
Pub. L. 115-135 · Mar 16, 2018
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018
Pub. L. 115-141 · Mar 23, 2018
Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-164 · Apr 11, 2018
Justice for Uncompensated Survivors Today (JUST) Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-171 · May 9, 2018
Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act
Pub. L. 115-174 · May 24, 2018
Trickett Wendler, Frank Mongiello, Jordan McLinn, and Matthew Bellina Right to Try Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-176 · May 30, 2018
Swan Lake Hydroelectric Project Boundary Correction Act
Pub. L. 115-200 · Jul 20, 2018
KIWI Act
Pub. L. 115-226 · Aug 1, 2018
John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
Pub. L. 115-232 · Aug 13, 2018
Veterans Providing Healthcare Transition Improvement Act
Pub. L. 115-238 · Sep 7, 2018
Miscellaneous Tariff Bill Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115-239 · Sep 13, 2018
Tribal Social Security Fairness Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115-243 · Sep 20, 2018
Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019
Pub. L. 115-244 · Sep 21, 2018
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act
Pub. L. 115-246 · Sep 28, 2018
Nuclear Energy Innovation Capabilities Act of 2017
Pub. L. 115-248 · Sep 28, 2018
Protecting Religiously Affiliated Institutions Act of 2018
Pub. L. 115-249 · Sep 28, 2018
Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2018, Part II
Pub. L. 115-250 · Sep 29, 2018
Judicial
judicial/supreme-courtThe Supreme CourtBench by appointing party: 4 R · 4 D → 6 R · 3 D
Anthony McLeod Kennedy R
appointed by Ronald Reagan · 1988
Ruth Bader Ginsburg D
appointed by William J. Clinton · 1993
Stephen Gerald Breyer D
appointed by William J. Clinton · 1994
Neil M. Gorsuch R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2017
Brett M. Kavanaugh R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2018
Amy Coney Barrett R
appointed by Donald J. Trump · 2020
Ketanji Brown Jackson D
appointed by Joseph R. Biden · 2022
5 justices served on both dates
Clarence Thomas R
appointed by George H.W. Bush · 1991
John Glover Roberts, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2005
Samuel A. Alito, Jr. R
appointed by George W. Bush · 2006
Sonia Sotomayor D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2009
Elena Kagan D
appointed by Barack Obama · 2010
judicial/lower-courtsAppeals & district courtsCourts of appeals (active judges): 90 D · 71 R · 1 N( → 88 R · 88 D
District courts (active judges): 347 D · 242 R → 383 D · 256 R
Donald J. Trump R appointed 237 judges
3 Supreme Court · 54 appeals · 177 district · 3 other
Joseph R. Biden D appointed 235 judges
1 Supreme Court · 45 appeals · 187 district · 2 other
2 circuits flipped majority
Third Circuit 7 D · 5 R (D majority)
Third Circuit 6 D · 6 R (tie majority)
Eleventh Circuit 8 D · 2 R (D majority)
Eleventh Circuit 5 D · 7 R (R majority)
D and R describe the party of the appointing president, not the judge. Active service ends when a judge takes senior status.
judicial/rulingsSupreme Court decisions487 argued decisions · 30 landmark
Sessions v. Morales-Santana
No. 15-1191 · Jun 12, 2017 · Decided 8–0 · Civil Rights · Affirmed in part, reversed in part, remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Matal v. Tam
No. 15-1293 · Jun 19, 2017 · Decided 8–0 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Sessions v. Dimaya
No. 15-1498 · Apr 17, 2018 · Decided 5–4 · Due Process · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association
No. 16-476 · May 14, 2018 · Decided 7–2 · Federalism · Reversed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
South Dakota v. Wayfair
No. 17-494 · Jun 21, 2018 · Decided 5–4 · Economic Activity · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Trump v. Hawaii
No. 17-965 · Jun 26, 2018 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Janus v. American Federation of State
No. 16-1466 · Jun 27, 2018 · Decided 5–4 · Unions · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt
No. 17-1299 · May 13, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Economic Activity · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Herrera v. Wyoming
No. 17-532 · May 20, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Knick v. Township of Scott
No. 17-647 · Jun 21, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Due Process · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Show 20 more
Iancu v. Brunetti
Jun 24, 2019 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Davis
Jun 24, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Due Process · Affirmed in part, reversed in part, remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
United States v. Haymond
Jun 26, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Criminal Procedure · Vacated and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Rucho v. Common Cause
Jun 27, 2019 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Vacated and remanded · Overruled precedent
Allen v. Cooper
Mar 23, 2020 · Decided 9–0 · Federalism · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Ramos v. Louisiana
Apr 20, 2020 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Struck down state law
Bostock v. Clayton County
Jun 15, 2020 · Decided 6–3 · Civil Rights · Reversed and remanded
Seila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Jun 29, 2020 · Decided 5–4 · Miscellaneous · Vacated and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants Inc.
Jul 6, 2020 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Edwards v. Vannoy
May 17, 2021 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Affirmed · Overruled precedent
United States v. Arthrex Inc.
Jun 21, 2021 · Decided 5–4 · Miscellaneous · Vacated and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Collins v. Yellen
Jun 23, 2021 · Decided 7–2 · Miscellaneous · Affirmed in part, reversed in part, remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Federal Election Commission v. Ted Cruz for Senate
May 16, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Affirmed · Declared federal law unconstitutional
Shinn v. Ramirez
May 23, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed · Overruled precedent
Siegel v. Fitzgerald
Jun 6, 2022 · Decided 9–0 · Economic Activity · Reversed and remanded · Declared federal law unconstitutional
New York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen
Jun 23, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · Criminal Procedure · Reversed and remanded · Struck down state law
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization
Jun 24, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · Privacy · Reversed and remanded · Overruled precedent
Kennedy v. Bremerton School District
Jun 27, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · First Amendment · Reversed · Overruled precedent · Struck down local ordinance
West Virginia v. Environmental Protection Agency
Jun 30, 2022 · Decided 6–3 · Economic Activity · Reversed and remanded
Allen v. Milligan
Jun 8, 2023 · Decided 5–4 · Civil Rights · Affirmed
Landmark means the Court overruled precedent, struck down a federal law, or the case is on a curated landmark list.
Fiscal
fiscal/budgetThe federal budget+37% real spendingOMB Historical Tables ↗
Fiscal year 2017 → fiscal year 2025 · inflation-adjusted with the GDP price index
Spending $3.98T
FY2017
Spending $7.01T
FY2025 · +76% nominal · +37% after inflation
Revenue $3.32T
FY2017
Revenue $5.24T
FY2025 · +58% nominal · +23% after inflation
Surplus / deficit −$665B
FY2017
Surplus / deficit −$1.77T
FY2025 · −$1.11T
Spending, % of GDP 20.6%
FY2017
Spending, % of GDP 23.1%
FY2025 · +2.5 pts
Debt held by the public, % of GDP 75.7%
FY2017
Debt held by the public, % of GDP 99.5%
FY2025 · +23.8 pts
Spending by function · real change
fiscal/debtTotal public debt outstanding+$16.3TTreasury Fiscal Data ↗
$19.9T
as of Jan 20, 2017
$36.2T
as of Jan 17, 2025
Constitution & Union
constitution/amendmentsAmendments & statehood27 → 27 amendments in force · 50 → 50 states
No amendments ratified and no states admitted. The last amendment was the 27th, in 1992.
Log
logEverything in between209 events
- lawGAO Access and Oversight Act of 2017
- lawPromoting Women in Entrepreneurship Act
- lawINSPIRE Women Act
- orderProtecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States
- lawVietnam War Veterans Recognition Act of 2017
- justiceNeil M. Gorsuch — Associate Justice
- lawWeather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2017
- rulingSessions v. Morales-Santana
- rulingMatal v. Tam
- lawCountering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act
- lawFDA Reauthorization Act of 2017
- agency+National Commission on Military, National, and Public Service
- lawDr. Chris Kirkpatrick Whistleblower Protection Act of 2017
- lawStrengthening State and Local Cyber Crime Fighting Act of 2017
- lawProtecting Patient Access to Emergency Medications Act of 2017
- lawVA Prescription Data Accountability Act 2017
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018, including: * Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty Preservation Act of 2017 * Military Construction Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 * Foreign Spill Protection Act of 2017 * Saving Federal Dollars Through Better Use of Government Purchase and Travel Cards Act of 2017
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawTax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
- lawBipartisan Budget Act of 2018, containing: * Further Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2018 * Advancing Chronic Care, Extenders, and Social Services (ACCESS) Act * Honoring Hometown Heroes Act * Social Impact Partnerships to Pay for Results Act
- lawContinuing Appropriations Amendments Act, 2018
- lawProtecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization Act of 2017
- order2018 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
- lawTaiwan Travel Act
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2018
- lawAllow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act of 2017
- rulingSessions v. Dimaya
- lawJustice for Uncompensated Survivors Today (JUST) Act of 2017
- rulingMurphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association
- lawEconomic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act
- lawTrickett Wendler, Frank Mongiello, Jordan McLinn, and Matthew Bellina Right to Try Act of 2017
- rulingSouth Dakota v. Wayfair
- rulingTrump v. Hawaii
- rulingJanus v. American Federation of State
- lawSwan Lake Hydroelectric Project Boundary Correction Act
- lawKIWI Act
- orderReimposing Certain Sanctions With Respect to Iran
- lawJohn S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
- lawVeterans Providing Healthcare Transition Improvement Act
- lawMiscellaneous Tariff Bill Act of 2018
- lawTribal Social Security Fairness Act of 2018
- lawEnergy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019
- lawDepartment of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019
- lawDepartment of Energy Research and Innovation Act
- lawNuclear Energy Innovation Capabilities Act of 2017
- lawProtecting Religiously Affiliated Institutions Act of 2018
- lawAirport and Airway Extension Act of 2018, Part II
- lawDepartment of Veterans Affairs Expiring Authorities Act of 2018
- lawFAA Reauthorization Act of 2018
- justiceBrett M. Kavanaugh — Associate Justice
- lawKnow the Lowest Price Act of 2018
- lawPatient Right to Know Drug Prices Act
- lawOrrin G. Hatch-Bob Goodlatte Music Modernization Act
- lawAmerica's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018
- lawSUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act
- lawCybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018
- lawAmy, Vicky, and Andy Child Pornography Victim Assistance Act of 2018
- lawIraq and Syria Genocide Relief and Accountability Act of 2018
- lawReciprocal Access to Tibet Act of 2018
- lawDepartment of Homeland Security Data Framework Act of 2018
- lawAgriculture Improvement Act of 2018
- lawNational Quantum Initiative Act
- lawFirst Step Act of 2018
- lawTrafficking Victims Protection Act of 2017
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawFoundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018
- lawElie Wiesel Genocide and Atrocities Prevention Act of 2018
- lawGovernment Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019
- lawTANF Extension Act of 2019
- lawFurther Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2019
- lawJohn D. Dingell Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- rulingFranchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt
- rulingHerrera v. Wyoming
- lawNational Flood Insurance Extension Act of 2019
- lawAdditional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019
- rulingKnick v. Township of Scott
- lawPandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness and Advancing Innovation Act of 2019
- rulingIancu v. Brunetti
- rulingUnited States v. Davis
- rulingUnited States v. Haymond
- rulingRucho v. Common Cause
- lawTaxpayer First Act
- lawEmergency Supplemental Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border Act, 2019
- lawNever Forget the Heroes: James Zadroga, Ray Pfeifer, and Luis Alvarez Permanent Authorization of the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund Act
- lawBipartisan Budget Act of 2019
- lawContinuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Health Extenders Act of 2019
- lawFurther Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 2019
- lawPreventing Animal Cruelty and Torture Act
- lawONDCP Technical Corrections Act of 2019
- lawHong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act
- lawA bill to prohibit the commercial export of covered munitions items to the Hong Kong Police Force
- agency−Overseas Private Investment Corporation
- agency+United States International Development Finance Corporation
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2020
- lawFurther Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawPayment Integrity Information Act of 2019
- lawPresidential Transition Enhancement Act of 2019
- lawCoronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020
- lawSecure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019
- lawFamilies First Coronavirus Response Act
- lawSecure 5G and Beyond Act of 2020
- rulingAllen v. Cooper
- lawSupporting Older Americans Act of 2020
- lawTaiwan Allies International Protection and Enhancement Initiative (TAIPEI) Act of 2019
- lawCoronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
- orderEstablishing the Committee for the Assessment of Foreign Participation in the United States Telecommunications Services Sector
- rulingRamos v. Louisiana
- lawPaycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act
- rulingBostock v. Clayton County
- lawUyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020
- rulingSeila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
- rulingBarr v. American Association of Political Consultants Inc.
- lawHong Kong Autonomy Act
- lawGreat American Outdoors Act
- agency−Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission
- orderAn America-First Healthcare Plan
- lawSavanna's Act
- justiceAmy Coney Barrett — Associate Justice
- lawRodchenkov Anti-Doping Act of 2019
- lawHolding Foreign Companies Accountable Act
- lawSave Our Seas 2.0 Act
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2021
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- agency+Office of the National Cyber Director
- lawWilliam M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
- lawCompetitive Health Insurance Reform Act of 2020
- lawMalala Yousafzai Scholarship Act
- presidentJoseph Robinette Biden Jr. takes office
- orderTackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad
- lawAmerican Rescue Plan Act of 2021
- lawPPP Extension Act of 2021
- orderImproving the Nation's Cybersecurity
- rulingEdwards v. Vannoy
- rulingUnited States v. Arthrex Inc.
- rulingCollins v. Yellen
- orderDiversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility in the Federal Workforce
- orderPromoting Competition in the American Economy
- lawInfrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
- orderCatalyzing Clean Energy Industries and Jobs Through Federal Sustainability
- orderTransforming Federal Customer Experience and Service Delivery To Rebuild Trust in Government
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawCapitol Police Emergency Assistance Act of 2021
- lawTo ensure that goods made with forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China do not enter the United States market, and for other purposes.
- lawNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022
- lawPuerto Rico Recovery Accuracy in Disclosures Act of 2021 (PRRADA)
- order2022 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
- orderEnsuring Responsible Development of Digital Assets
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2022
- lawEmmett Till Antilynching Act
- lawPostal Service Reform Act of 2022
- justiceKetanji Brown Jackson — Associate Justice
- lawUkraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022
- rulingFederal Election Commission v. Ted Cruz for Senate
- rulingShinn v. Ramirez
- orderAdvancing Effective, Accountable Policing and Criminal Justice Practices To Enhance Public Trust and Public Safety
- rulingSiegel v. Fitzgerald
- rulingNew York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen
- rulingDobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization
- lawBipartisan Safer Communities Act
- rulingKennedy v. Bremerton School District
- rulingWest Virginia v. Environmental Protection Agency
- lawCHIPS and Science Act or Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America Act
- lawHonoring our PACT Act of 2022
- lawInflation Reduction Act of 2022
- orderAdvancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy
- orderEnhancing Safeguards for United States Signals Intelligence Activities
- lawMedical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act
- lawSpeak Out Act
- lawRespect for Marriage Act
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
- lawJames M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023
- lawConsolidated Appropriations Act, 2023
- lawSami's Law
- orderFurther Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government
- lawCOVID–19 Origin Act of 2023
- orderIncreasing Access to High-Quality Care and Supporting Caregivers
- orderRevitalizing Our Nation's Commitment to Environmental Justice for All
- lawFiscal Responsibility Act of 2023
- rulingAllen v. Milligan
- rulingStudents for Fair Admissions Inc. v. President & Fellows of Harvard College
- rulingBiden v. Nebraska
- order2023 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
- lawContinuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act
- orderSafe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence
- lawFurther Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024
- orderAdjustments of Certain Rates of Pay
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More comparisons
Donald Trump 2025–nowJoe Biden 2021–2025Donald Trump 2017–2021Barack Obama 2009–2017George Bush 2001–2009Bill Clinton 1993–2001George Bush 1989–1993Ronald Reagan 1981–1989Jimmy Carter 1977–1981Gerald Ford 1974–1977Richard Nixon 1969–1974Lyndon Johnson 1963–1969The last 12 months One year of changeThe last decade 10 yearsSince 2000 The 21st century so farAfter September 11 2001–2003The 2008 financial crisis 2008–2010COVID-19 pandemic 2020–2021The Great Society 1963–1969The New Deal 1933–1939Postwar America 1945–1960Reconstruction 1865–1877A century of change 1926 → todaySince the founding 1789 → today119th Congress 2025–2027118th Congress 2023–2025117th Congress 2021–2023116th Congress 2019–2021115th Congress 2017–2019114th Congress 2015–2017